Três diretrizes para a arte; três dúvidas para o artista

uma leitura de Humano, Demasiado Humano, de Friedrich Nietzsche

Abstract

Written in 1883, eight years after the publication of All Too Human, a prologue of the book strengthens the thematic axles that had marked the trajectory of this book of Friedrich Nietzsche, whose subtitle is a A Book for Free Spirits. In the opening text, the author anticipates the denunciation established on his book: the orphanhood of the man faced the desinvention of God, the failure and the inefficiency of the Metaphysical moral and the redemption character of the arts. It remains to man to get back inside his own history, human, too human, and search in the knowledge for a force strategy. They will be few: in Nietzsche’s project, the rare free spirits will have to renounce to a several things during their search for freedom - therefore the necessity of this strategy of force, as Nietzsche himself required in a extrait of the Will to Power: “we always have to defend the stronger from the weaks”. As in several other extraits of All Too Human, the author reviews its proposal of The Birth of Tragedy and anticipates his attack to the artistic genius - he will do it in chapter four - in special way into the composer Richard Wagner. For Nietzsche and from here, we must have try to cut, “with the cold blade of the knowledge” what the philosopher said about the third item of a tripod reevaluated for the free spirit in All Too Human: after hammer the religion and metaphysics, Nietzsche directs his hammer over the art and into three possible lines of direction: i) art as cultural and social process; II) art as a moderator and a transition power between religion and philosophy and, as result of this, III) art as the vital exercise for a release of free spirit. It is followed that the “philosopher of the suspicion” also goes to doubt the genius artist: i) as somebody illuminated and solicitor of the essence of the things; II) as somebody that received “a divine” inspiration that seems to fall from the sky and III) as somebody for who a worship is dedicated.
somebody for who a worship is dedicated.