Desarrollando de habilidades matemáticas y comportamiento moral a través de artefactos culturales: un estudio de actividades matemáticas experimentales en la plaza Patan Durbar en Nepal
Resumen
La educación nepalí a menudo se inclina hacia en las rutas de memorización y la instrucción centrada en el maestro y los procesos de aprendizaje. En este sentido, ¿cómo se puede hacer que la instrucción sea más efectiva como idea clave ya que los investigadores tienen esto en cuenta al realizar investigaciones en esta área? Este estudio constituye un estudio de caso etnográfico de una de las escuelas que se está transformando de un enfoque tradicional de enseñanza y aprendizaje basado en libros a un proceso de aprendizaje específico para el currículo específico para niños. Como investigadores y formadores de docentes, hemos participado en programas de formación de docentes para numerosas escuelas en Nepal. Lo que hemos observado durante los cuatro años de participación es que la capacitación únicamente no hace cambios en el sistema escolar. Por lo tanto, este programa está ayudando a los maestros a realizar actividades de instrucción que les permitan impulsar su trabajo para una mayor participación de los estudiantes. Esta investigación también indica cómo se puede desarrollar el comportamiento moral a través de actividades de seguimiento matemático donde los estudiantes realizan trabajo de campo en grupos para promover diferentes objetivos. Los niños desarrollan su comprensión a través de actividades cotidianas donde la perspectiva de diferentes contextos, cultura y grupos étnicos juegan un papel vital. En este punto, comenzamos a trabajar en la instrucción basada en excursiones. El cambio en la instrucción los obliga a diseñar actividades y proyectos que exigen que los niños trabajen fuera del contexto escolar con objetivos curriculares. Este proyecto aseguró oportunidades para participar en actividades prácticas y aprendizaje experimental. Finalmente, esta investigación apoya la suposición de que el conocimiento matemático, la habilidad y el comportamiento moral pueden desarrollarse a través de diferentes actividades de instrucción basadas en proyectos culturales y los artefactos y prácticas culturales son clave para garantizar la efectividad del aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
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